Detailansicht
Rubber-Clay Nanocomposites
Science, Technology, and Applications
ISBN/EAN: 9780470562109
Umbreit-Nr.: 1267111
Sprache:
Englisch
Umfang: 632 S.
Format in cm: 3.6 x 24.4 x 16.3
Einband:
gebundenes Buch
Erschienen am 16.12.2011
Auflage: 1/2011
- Zusatztext
- InhaltsangabePREFACE xvii CONTRIBUTORS xxi SECTION I CLAYS FOR NANOCOMPOSITES 1 CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS 3 1.1 What's in a Name / 3 1.2 Multiscale Organization of Clay Minerals / 6 1.3 Intimate Organization of the Layer / 8 1.4 Most Relevant Physicochemical Properties of Clay Mineral / 22 1.5 Availability of Natural Clays and Synthetic Clay Minerals / 33 1.6 Clays and (Modified) Clay Minerals as Fillers / 35 Acknowledgment / 37 References / 37 2 ORGANOPHILIC CLAY MINERALS 45 2.1 Organophilicity/Lipophilicity and the Hydrophilic/Lipophilic Balance (HLB) / 45 2.2 From Clays to Organoclays in Polymer Technology / 47 2.3 Methods of Organoclay Synthesis / 49 2.4 Other Types of Clay Modifications for Clay-Based Nanomaterials / 66 2.5 FineTuning of Organoclays Properties / 69 of Surfactant/CEC Ratio / 69 2.6 Some Introductory Reflections on Organoclay Polymer Nanocomposites / 72 References / 75 3 INDUSTRIAL TREATMENTS AND MODIFICATION OF CLAY MINERALS 87 3.1 Bentonite: From Mine to Plant / 87 3.2 Processing of Bentonite / 90 3.3 Purification of Clay / 93 3.4 Reaction of Clay with Organic Substances / 97 3.5 Particle Size Modification / 99 References / 99 4 ALKYLAMMONIUM CHAINS ON LAYERED CLAY MINERAL SURFACES 101 4.1 Structure and Dynamics / 101 4.2 Thermal Properties / 111 4.3 Layer Separation and Miscibility with Polymers / 115 4.4 Mechanical Properties of Clay Minerals / 121 References / 123 5 CHEMISTRY OF RUBBER-ORGANOCLAY NANOCOMPOSITES 127 5.1 Introduction / 127 5.2 Organic Cation Decomposition in Salts, Organoclays and Polymer Nanocomposites / 128 5.3 Mechanism of Thermal Decomposition of Organoclays / 135 5.4 Role of Organic Cations in Organoclays as Rubber Vulcanization Activators / 137 References / 141 SECTION II PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF RUBBER-CLAY NANOCOMPOSITES 6 PROCESSING METHODS FOR THE PREPARATION OF RUBBER-CLAY NANOCOMPOSITES 147 6.1 Introduction / 147 6.2 Latex Compounding Method / 148 6.3 Melt Compounding / 157 6.4 Solution Intercalation and In Situ Polymerization Intercalation / 170 6.5 Summary and Prospect / 170 Acknowledgment / 171 References / 171 7 MORPHOLOGY OF RUBBER-CLAY NANOCOMPOSITES 181 7.1 Introduction / 181 7.2 Background for the Review of RCN Morphology / 182 7.3 RubberClay Nanocomposites with Pristine Clays / 186 7.4 RubberClay Nanocomposites with Clays Modified with Primary Alkenylamines / 197 7.5 RubberClay Nanocomposites with Clays Modified with an Ammonium Cation Having three Methyls and One LongChain Alkenyl Substituents / 206 7.6 RubberClay Nanocomposites with Montmorillonite Modified with Two Substituents Larger Than Methyl / 212 7.7 Rubber Composites with Montmorillonite Modified with an Ammonium Cation Containing a Polar Group / 215 7.8 Rubber Nanocomposites with Montmorillonite Modified with an Ammonium Cation Containing Two Long-Chain Alkenyl Substituents / 219 7.9 Proposed Mechanisms for the Formation of Rubber-Clay Nanocomposites / 228 Abbreviations / 232 Acknowledgment / 233 References / 233 8 RHEOLOGY OF RUBBER-CLAY NANOCOMPOSITES 241 8.1 Introduction / 241 8.2 Rheological Behavior of Rubber-Clay Nanocomposites / 242 8.3 General Remarks on Rheology of Rubber-Clay Nanocomposites / 263 8.4 Overview of Rheological Theories of Polymer-Clay Nanocomposites / 269 8.5 Conclusion and Outlook / 270 References / 271 9 VULCANIZATION CHARACTERISTICS AND CURING KINETIC OF RUBBER-ORGANOCLAY NANOCOMPOSITES 275 9.1 Introduction / 275 9.2 Vulcanization Reaction / 276 9.3 Rubber Cross-Linking Systems / 278 9.4 The Role of Organoclay on Vulcanization Reaction / 283 9.5 Vulcanization Kinetics of Rubber-Organoclay Nanocomposites / 290 9.6 Conclusions / 297 References / 298 10 MECHANICAL AND FRACTURE MECHANICS PROPERTIES OF RUBBER COMPOSITIONS WITH REINFORCING COMPONENTS 305
- Autorenportrait
- InhaltsangabePREFACE xvii CONTRIBUTORS xxi SECTION I CLAYS FOR NANOCOMPOSITES 1 CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS 3 1.1 What's in a Name / 3 1.2 Multiscale Organization of Clay Minerals / 6 1.3 Intimate Organization of the Layer / 8 1.4 Most Relevant Physicochemical Properties of Clay Mineral / 22 1.5 Availability of Natural Clays and Synthetic Clay Minerals / 33 1.6 Clays and (Modified) Clay Minerals as Fillers / 35 Acknowledgment / 37 References / 37 2 ORGANOPHILIC CLAY MINERALS 45 2.1 Organophilicity/Lipophilicity and the Hydrophilic/Lipophilic Balance (HLB) / 45 2.2 From Clays to Organoclays in Polymer Technology / 47 2.3 Methods of Organoclay Synthesis / 49 2.4 Other Types of Clay Modifications for Clay-Based Nanomaterials / 66 2.5 FineTuning of Organoclays Properties / 69 of Surfactant/CEC Ratio / 69 2.6 Some Introductory Reflections on Organoclay Polymer Nanocomposites / 72 References / 75 3 INDUSTRIAL TREATMENTS AND MODIFICATION OF CLAY MINERALS 87 3.1 Bentonite: From Mine to Plant / 87 3.2 Processing of Bentonite / 90 3.3 Purification of Clay / 93 3.4 Reaction of Clay with Organic Substances / 97 3.5 Particle Size Modification / 99 References / 99 4 ALKYLAMMONIUM CHAINS ON LAYERED CLAY MINERAL SURFACES 101 4.1 Structure and Dynamics / 101 4.2 Thermal Properties / 111 4.3 Layer Separation and Miscibility with Polymers / 115 4.4 Mechanical Properties of Clay Minerals / 121 References / 123 5 CHEMISTRY OF RUBBER-ORGANOCLAY NANOCOMPOSITES 127 5.1 Introduction / 127 5.2 Organic Cation Decomposition in Salts, Organoclays and Polymer Nanocomposites / 128 5.3 Mechanism of Thermal Decomposition of Organoclays / 135 5.4 Role of Organic Cations in Organoclays as Rubber Vulcanization Activators / 137 References / 141 SECTION II PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF RUBBER-CLAY NANOCOMPOSITES 6 PROCESSING METHODS FOR THE PREPARATION OF RUBBER-CLAY NANOCOMPOSITES 147 6.1 Introduction / 147 6.2 Latex Compounding Method / 148 6.3 Melt Compounding / 157 6.4 Solution Intercalation and In Situ Polymerization Intercalation / 170 6.5 Summary and Prospect / 170 Acknowledgment / 171 References / 171 7 MORPHOLOGY OF RUBBER-CLAY NANOCOMPOSITES 181 7.1 Introduction / 181 7.2 Background for the Review of RCN Morphology / 182 7.3 RubberClay Nanocomposites with Pristine Clays / 186 7.4 RubberClay Nanocomposites with Clays Modified with Primary Alkenylamines / 197 7.5 RubberClay Nanocomposites with Clays Modified with an Ammonium Cation Having three Methyls and One LongChain Alkenyl Substituents / 206 7.6 RubberClay Nanocomposites with Montmorillonite Modified with Two Substituents Larger Than Methyl / 212 7.7 Rubber Composites with Montmorillonite Modified with an Ammonium Cation Containing a Polar Group / 215 7.8 Rubber Nanocomposites with Montmorillonite Modified with an Ammonium Cation Containing Two Long-Chain Alkenyl Substituents / 219 7.9 Proposed Mechanisms for the Formation of Rubber-Clay Nanocomposites / 228 Abbreviations / 232 Acknowledgment / 233 References / 233 8 RHEOLOGY OF RUBBER-CLAY NANOCOMPOSITES 241 8.1 Introduction / 241 8.2 Rheological Behavior of Rubber-Clay Nanocomposites / 242 8.3 General Remarks on Rheology of Rubber-Clay Nanocomposites / 263 8.4 Overview of Rheological Theories of Polymer-Clay Nanocomposites / 269 8.5 Conclusion and Outlook / 270 References / 271 9 VULCANIZATION CHARACTERISTICS AND CURING KINETIC OF RUBBER-ORGANOCLAY NANOCOMPOSITES 275 9.1 Introduction / 275 9.2 Vulcanization Reaction / 276 9.3 Rubber Cross-Linking Systems / 278 9.4 The Role of Organoclay on Vulcanization Reaction / 283 9.5 Vulcanization Kinetics of Rubber-Organoclay Nanocomposites / 290 9.6 Conclusions / 297 References / 298 10 MECHANICAL AND FRACTURE MECHANICS PROPERTIES OF RUBBER COMPOSITIONS WITH REINFORCING COMPONENTS 305